Science & Test Results

Water Made Pure™ works through two natural treatment actions:

Modified conductive activated charcoal reduces oxidizing disinfectants such as free chlorine and chloramine, helping improve taste and reduce harsh tap-water character.

Natural calcite restores mineral balance, supports alkalinity, and helps create the crisp, clean character associated with naturally mineralized spring water.

Actual In-House Testing Results

Water Made Pure™ has been evaluated through Wise Hawk Environmental’s proof-of-concept environmental product development laboratory using accepted standard testing methods where applicable.

Testing was conducted using municipal tap water, 45 g modified conductive activated charcoal, and 85 g natural calcite in a 1 litre test volume.

Under these test conditions, our media showed measurable improvement in water chemistry over contact time:

Free chlorine reduced from 1.00 mg/L to 0.03 mg/L after 1 hour
Free chlorine reduced to 0.01 mg/L after 12 hours
ORP shifted from +450 mV to -110 mV after 12 hours
TDS increased from 45 ppm to 120 ppm after 12 hours
pH increased from 6.5 to 7.6 after 12 hours

These results show how Water Made Pure™ works in two stages. First, the conductive activated charcoal reduces oxidizing disinfectants. Then, natural calcite restores mineral balance, alkalinity, and a smoother spring-water-like taste.

Results may vary depending on source water quality, disinfectant residual, temperature, and contact time.

1. Taste Proof: Chlorine & Chloramine Reduction

Chlorine is the most noticeable contaminant

How Water Made Pure™ Reduces Free Chlorine

Free chlorine is commonly used in municipal tap water as a disinfectant residual. It helps keep water safe in the distribution system, but it can also create the sharp chlorine taste and smell many people notice in treated tap water.

Wise Hawk Environmental’s in-house laboratory testing showed rapid free chlorine reduction using Water Made Pure™ media. In a 1 litre test using 45 g modified conductive activated charcoal plus 85 g natural calcite, free chlorine was reduced from 1.00 mg/L at the start to 0.03 mg/L after 1 hour, and to 0.01 mg/L after 12 hours.

This reduction is driven primarily by the modified conductive activated charcoal. Free chlorine exists in water mainly as hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite, both of which are strong oxidizing compounds. When these oxidizing chlorine species contact the conductive carbon surface, electron-transfer reactions help reduce them into less reactive chloride forms.

The internal pore structure of the charcoal is important. Larger transport pores allow water to move into the carbon particle, mesopores provide accessible reaction space, and micropores create high-surface-area contact with active carbon sites. This optimized pore ratio allows the water to interact deeply with the conductive carbon rather than only contacting the outside surface.

The natural calcite does not provide the main chlorine removal mechanism. Its role is to restore mineral balance, support alkalinity, and improve the finished-water taste after the chlorine residual has been reduced.

In simple terms, Water Made Pure™ uses conductive carbon chemistry to reduce harsh free chlorine, while natural calcite helps finish the water with a smoother, more mineral-balanced character similar to naturally filtered spring water.

Testing was conducted by Wise Hawk Environmental’s proof-of-concept environmental product development laboratory using accepted standard methods where applicable. Results may vary depending on source water quality, chlorine level, temperature, and contact time.

t in municipal tap water — you can smell and taste it. Our filters consistently reduce free chlorine to near-zero levels, delivering clean, fresh-tasting water from the first pour.

How We Measure Chloramine Reduction

Chloramine is commonly used by municipalities because it lasts longer in tap water than free chlorine. To measure it, we use a standard chlorine testing method that measures both free chlorine and total chlorine.

Free chlorine is the more reactive chlorine residual.
Total chlorine includes both free chlorine and combined chlorine.
The calculated chloramine level is determined by subtracting free chlorine from total chlorine:

Calculated chloramine = total chlorine − free chlorine

These results are reported as ppm or mg/L as Cl₂ equivalent, which is the standard way chlorine residuals are measured in water testing.

How Water Made Pure™ Helps Reduce Chloramine

Water Made Pure™ uses conductive activated carbon. Through high-temperature carbonization and pore optimization, the carbon develops a balanced structure of larger transport pores, working mesopores, and high-surface-area micropores.

This pore structure allows chloraminated water to move into the carbon instead of only contacting the outside surface. Once inside, chloramine contacts the conductive carbon surface, where electron-transfer reactions help reduce the oxidizing chlorine portion of the molecule.

In simple terms, the carbon does more than trap contaminants. It provides an active reducing surface that helps break down chloramine residuals, lowers the harsh chlorine/chloramine taste, and supports cleaner, smoother-tasting water.

Wise Hawk Environmental’s in-house testing shows chloramine reduction over contact time, with best results developing as the water remains in contact with the conductive carbon and mineral media.

2. Freshness Proof: ORP Shift

Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) measures how oxidizing or reducing (antioxidant) your water is. Tap water typically has a positive ORP. Our filtered water shifts to a negative ORP — a marker of fresher, more bioavailable water.

How Water Made Pure™ Lowers ORP

Water Made Pure™ lowers oxidation-reduction potential, or ORP, by reducing the oxidizing character of treated tap water. In our 1 litre in-house test, water started at +450 mV, dropped to +80 mV after 1 hour, and reached -110 mV after 12 hours using 45 g modified conductive activated charcoal plus 85 g natural calcite.

This result is driven primarily by the conductive activated carbon. Our carbon is processed to develop a highly active pore structure and a conductive carbon surface. As water moves through the micro-, meso-, and macropores, oxidizing compounds such as free chlorine and chloramine contact reactive carbon sites. The conductive carbon surface supports electron-transfer reactions that reduce these oxidizing residuals, converting them into less reactive forms and lowering the overall ORP of the water.

The optimized pore ratio is important because it allows water to move into the carbon rather than only contacting the outside surface. Larger transport pores improve access, mesopores provide working reaction space, and micropores increase contact with high-surface-area active carbon sites. This improves both reaction efficiency and contact time.

Natural calcite then helps restore mineral balance and alkalinity by contributing calcium carbonate-based mineral buffering. Together, the conductive carbon and calcite shift the water away from a highly oxidizing disinfectant profile and toward a smoother, more balanced mineralized water.

The ORP reduction is not caused by adding hydrogen gas or artificial additives. It is the result of direct interaction between treated tap water, conductive carbon chemistry, and natural mineral buffering over contact time.

3. Spring-Water Proof: TDS, pH & Alkalinity

Our mineralizing media adds beneficial trace minerals back into the water, raising pH into the alkaline range and increasing Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) to levels consistent with natural spring water.

How Water Made Pure™ Increases Total Dissolved Solids

Total Dissolved Solids, or TDS, measures the amount of dissolved minerals and inorganic solids present in water. In our 1 litre in-house test, the starting water measured 45 ppm TDS. After contact with 45 g modified conductive activated charcoal plus 85 g natural calcite, TDS increased to 85 ppm after 1 hour and reached 120 ppm after 12 hours.

This increase is expected and is caused primarily by the natural calcite. Calcite is a calcium carbonate-based mineral that slowly dissolves into the water over contact time. As the water interacts with the calcite surface, small amounts of calcium carbonate and related mineral ions enter the water, increasing the measurable TDS while also supporting alkalinity and mineral balance.

This is similar in principle to the way many premium bottled spring waters develop their crisp, clean taste. In nature, spring water often gains its mineral character as it slowly percolates through limestone, calcite, and other mineral-rich rock formations. Water Made Pure™ recreates part of that natural finishing process by allowing purified tap water to interact with natural calcite, helping restore mineral balance and improve taste.

The conductive activated charcoal performs a different role. It helps reduce oxidizing disinfectants such as chlorine and chloramine, improves taste, and lowers the oxidizing character of the water. The calcite then helps rebuild the mineral profile, producing water that is cleaner, smoother, and more naturally balanced.

The TDS increase shown in the graph does not represent contamination. It reflects controlled mineralization from natural calcite. Over time, the water approaches mineral equilibrium, which is why the TDS rises from the starting value and then levels toward the final measured result.

In simple terms, Water Made Pure™ first helps reduce unwanted oxidizing residuals with conductive carbon, then uses natural calcite to restore mineral balance in a way that mirrors the clean, crisp character of naturally mineralized spring water.

Representative Performance Estimates: Microplastics & PFAS

The microplastics and PFAS graphs on this page are representative estimates based on the known internal pore structure, pore chemistry, and adsorption behaviour of Wise Hawk Environmental’s modified conductive activated charcoal.

These graphs are not presented as certified third-party test results. They are included to explain the expected performance direction of our conductive carbon based on its optimized macro-, meso-, and micropore structure.

Direct certified confirmation of microplastics and PFAS reduction requires third-party laboratory testing using specialized analytical methods. We are currently in the process of pursuing this testing.

How Water Made Pure™ Helps Reduce Long-Chain PFAS

PFAS are a group of highly persistent fluorinated compounds sometimes called “forever chemicals.” Long-chain PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS, are generally more strongly attracted to activated carbon than shorter-chain PFAS because they have longer carbon-fluorine tails. These longer hydrophobic tails interact more readily with carbon surfaces.

Water Made Pure™ uses modified conductive activated charcoal with an optimized internal pore structure. The graph shows representative estimated results based on the known pore chemistry, internal pore structure, and adsorption behaviour of our conductive carbon. It is not presented as a certified PFAS test result.

PFAS reduction occurs primarily through adsorption. As water moves through the carbon structure, long-chain PFAS molecules can migrate into the pore network and attach to carbon surfaces. The larger transport pores allow water to enter the carbon body, mesopores provide accessible adsorption space, and micropores increase the available internal surface area. This balanced pore structure is important because PFAS adsorption depends not only on surface area, but also on whether the molecules can physically access the active internal surfaces.

The conductive carbon surface may also support stronger surface interactions through its highly carbonized aromatic structure, surface charge behaviour, and electron-rich carbon domains. These features help create a favourable environment for attracting and retaining persistent organic molecules such as long-chain PFAS.

The natural calcite in Water Made Pure™ is not the main PFAS removal mechanism. Its role is to support mineral balance, alkalinity, and finished-water taste. The PFAS reduction mechanism is driven mainly by the conductive activated charcoal and its optimized pore chemistry.

How Water Made Pure™ Helps Reduce Microplastics

Microplastics and smaller plastic particles can be present in tap water as suspended fragments, fibres, and very small polymer particles. Unlike dissolved chemicals, these particles are reduced mainly through physical capture, surface attraction, and retention within the internal pore structure of the carbon.

Water Made Pure™ uses modified conductive activated charcoal with an optimized balance of macro-, meso-, and micropores. This pore structure is important because microplastic reduction depends on more than total surface area alone. Larger pores allow water and suspended particles to move into the carbon structure, mesopores provide accessible internal contact space, and smaller pores increase surface interaction with fine particles and associated organic compounds.

As water remains in contact with the conductive carbon, plastic particles can be slowed, trapped, or retained within the tortuous pore network. Hydrophobic interactions between plastic surfaces and the carbon surface can also help hold polymer particles against the carbon. The result is a gradual reduction in the relative particle load over contact time.

The conductive nature of the carbon adds another benefit. Its highly carbonized surface helps reduce oxidizing disinfectants such as chlorine and chloramine, improving the water chemistry around the particles while also enhancing taste. The natural calcite then supports mineral balance and alkalinity, creating a cleaner, smoother finished water.

The microplastics graph represents estimated reduction based on the known internal pore structure and adsorption behaviour of Wise Hawk Environmental’s conductive charcoal. Direct certified confirmation of microplastics reduction requires third-party particle analysis, such as microscopy with FTIR or Raman identification.

In simple terms, Water Made Pure™ helps reduce microplastics by giving the water extended contact with a dense, highly porous conductive carbon structure that can physically retain particles and interact with plastic surfaces over time.

Questions about our testing methodology? Contact us — we're happy to share full data sheets.